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Transforming growth factor-beta regulation of urokinase type plasminogen system: Mutual interactions and potential combinatory implications in oncotherapies
(Plasminogen Activator: Genetic Factors, Functions & Clinical Applications, 2014)
The urokinase type plasminogen activator (uPA) system comprises uPA, the uPA cell surface receptor (uPAR), plasminogen-plasmin and the uPA inhibitors PAI-1 and 2. This system is involved in the proteolytic degradation and ...
TGF-β and MMPs: A complex regulatory loop involved in tumor progression
(Matrix Metalloproteinases: Biology, Functions & Clinical Implications, 2012)
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) has a dual and contradictory role in cancer. It is a tumor suppressor at early stages of tumor formation by virtue of its growth inhibitory and pro-apoptotic functions. However, at later ...
Palmitic acid as a cardiometabolic risk factor
(Palmitic Acid: Occurrence, Biochemistry & Health Effects, 2014)
Current dietary recommendations are based on a reduced saturated fatty acid (SFA) consumption to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD). The role of individual SFA in metabolic disease is not fully understandable. One type ...
Polyphenols and Their Interactions With Other Dietary Compounds: Implications for Human Health
(Advances in Food & Nutrition Research, 2018)
Regular and optimal intake of polyphenols associates with numerous health-promoting effects. Bioavailability and activity of polyphenols depend on foods’ structure and interactions with other food constituents, especially ...
Cholesterol: Absorption, Function and Metabolism
(Encyclopedia of Food & Health, 2015)
Cholesterol is a vital component of animal plasma membranes and of the other cellular organelles. It regulates membrane integrity, fluidity, and permeability. Furthermore, cholesterol is a precursor for steroid hormones, ...
Eicosapentaenoic acid: The role in malignant diseases
(Eicosapentaenoic Acid: Sources, Health Effects & Role in Disease Prevention, 2012)
A number of epidemiological and experimental evidences have linked polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of n-3 series to reduced cancer risk. Particularly the long chain n-3 PUFA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic ...
The re-use potential of espresso spent coffee grounds: Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction of polyphenols by use of response surface methodology and their effects on platelet function - pilot study
(Coffee: Production, Consumption & Health Benefits, 2016)
A huge amount of espresso spent coffee grounds (SCG) are obtained as a waste product during the preparation of coffee beverages (cialdes, K-cups and in metallic filters). Although considered a waste and an ecological threat, ...
Fatty Acids: Fatty Acids
(Encyclopedia of Food & Health, 2015)
Fatty acids (FAs) are long hydrocarbon chain molecules with a terminal carboxylate group, originating from the organism or food. Their nomenclature, structure, and properties depend on the length of hydrocarbon chain, ...
Effects of near-infrared low-level laser stimulation on neuronal excitability
(Photobiomodulation in the Brain: Low-Level Laser (Light) Therapy in Neurology & Neuroscience, 2019)
Effects of near-infrared low-level laser (NIR LLL) on brain excitability have been seldom investigated. A few studies carried out so far showed that following several minutes of transcranial NIR LLL illumination, the output ...
Recent advances in and applications of encapsulated microbial and non-microbial active agents in food and beverage manufacture
(Advances in Food Biotechnology, 2015)
Encapsulation is a well-established process that allows formulation of a wide range of active agents within a defined carrier material using various techniques. This chapter describes the general concept and benefits of ...