TY  - JOUR
AU  - Nedisan, Maria E.
AU  - Gyorke, Adriana
AU  - Stefanut, Cristina L.
AU  - Kalmar, Zsuzsa
AU  - Friss, Zsuzsa
AU  - Blaga, Radu
AU  - Blaizot, Amandine
AU  - Toma-Naić, Andra
AU  - Mircean, Viorica
AU  - Schares, Gereon
AU  - Đurković-Đaković, Olgica
AU  - Klun, Ivana
AU  - Villena, Isabelle
AU  - Cozma, Vasile
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://rimi.imi.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1078
AB  - Toxoplasma gondii is a widespread zoonotic protozoan that infects most species of mammals and birds, including poultry. This study aimed to investigate the course of T. gondii infection and the efficacy of diclazuril and Artemisia annua in preventing infection in experimentally infected chickens. Seventy-five 1-month-old chickens, female and male, were randomly divided into five groups (n = 15 each) as follows: (1) uninfected untreated (negative control, NC); (2) infected with T. gondii genotype II/III isolated from a wild cat (group WC); (3) infected with T. gondii genotype II isolated from a domestic cat (group DC); (4) infected with T. gondii domestic cat strain and treated with the anticoccidial diclazuril (group DC-D); and (5) infected with T. gondii domestic cat strain and treated with the medicinal plant Artemisia annua (group DC-A). Clinical signs, body temperature, mortality rate, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, hematological parameters, and the presence of T. gondii-specific IgY antibodies were recorded in all groups. Five chickens per group were euthanized 28 days post-infection (p.i.) and their brains, hearts, and breast muscle tested for T. gondii by mouse bioassay and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). No clinical signs related to the experimental infection were observed throughout the study period. T. gondii-specific antibodies were detected by day 28 p.i., but not in all infected chickens. Overall, T. gondii DNA was detected (bioassay or tissue digests) in all infected and untreated chickens (10/10), while viable parasite (bioassay) was isolated from 7 out of 10 chickens. The parasite was most frequently identified in the brain (7/10). There were no differences in the T. gondii strains regarding clinical infection and the rate of T. gondii detection in tissues. However, higher antibody titers were obtained in chickens infected with T. gondii WC strain (1:192) comparing with T. gondii DC strain (1:48). A. annua reduced replication of the parasite in 3 out of 5 chickens, while diclazuril did not. In conclusion, broiler chickens were resistant to clinical toxoplasmosis, irrespective of the strain (domestic or wild cat strain). The herb A. annua presented prophylactic efficacy by reduced parasite replication. However, further studies are required aiming at the efficacy of diclazuril and A. annua for the prevention of T. gondii infection in chickens using quantitative analysis methods.
PB  - Springer, New York
T2  - Parasitology Research
T1  - Experimental infection with Toxoplasma gondii in broiler chickens (Gallus domesticus): seroconversion, tissue cyst distribution, and prophylaxis
EP  - 603
IS  - 2
SP  - 593
VL  - 120
DO  - 10.1007/s00436-020-06984-x
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Nedisan, Maria E. and Gyorke, Adriana and Stefanut, Cristina L. and Kalmar, Zsuzsa and Friss, Zsuzsa and Blaga, Radu and Blaizot, Amandine and Toma-Naić, Andra and Mircean, Viorica and Schares, Gereon and Đurković-Đaković, Olgica and Klun, Ivana and Villena, Isabelle and Cozma, Vasile",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Toxoplasma gondii is a widespread zoonotic protozoan that infects most species of mammals and birds, including poultry. This study aimed to investigate the course of T. gondii infection and the efficacy of diclazuril and Artemisia annua in preventing infection in experimentally infected chickens. Seventy-five 1-month-old chickens, female and male, were randomly divided into five groups (n = 15 each) as follows: (1) uninfected untreated (negative control, NC); (2) infected with T. gondii genotype II/III isolated from a wild cat (group WC); (3) infected with T. gondii genotype II isolated from a domestic cat (group DC); (4) infected with T. gondii domestic cat strain and treated with the anticoccidial diclazuril (group DC-D); and (5) infected with T. gondii domestic cat strain and treated with the medicinal plant Artemisia annua (group DC-A). Clinical signs, body temperature, mortality rate, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, hematological parameters, and the presence of T. gondii-specific IgY antibodies were recorded in all groups. Five chickens per group were euthanized 28 days post-infection (p.i.) and their brains, hearts, and breast muscle tested for T. gondii by mouse bioassay and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). No clinical signs related to the experimental infection were observed throughout the study period. T. gondii-specific antibodies were detected by day 28 p.i., but not in all infected chickens. Overall, T. gondii DNA was detected (bioassay or tissue digests) in all infected and untreated chickens (10/10), while viable parasite (bioassay) was isolated from 7 out of 10 chickens. The parasite was most frequently identified in the brain (7/10). There were no differences in the T. gondii strains regarding clinical infection and the rate of T. gondii detection in tissues. However, higher antibody titers were obtained in chickens infected with T. gondii WC strain (1:192) comparing with T. gondii DC strain (1:48). A. annua reduced replication of the parasite in 3 out of 5 chickens, while diclazuril did not. In conclusion, broiler chickens were resistant to clinical toxoplasmosis, irrespective of the strain (domestic or wild cat strain). The herb A. annua presented prophylactic efficacy by reduced parasite replication. However, further studies are required aiming at the efficacy of diclazuril and A. annua for the prevention of T. gondii infection in chickens using quantitative analysis methods.",
publisher = "Springer, New York",
journal = "Parasitology Research",
title = "Experimental infection with Toxoplasma gondii in broiler chickens (Gallus domesticus): seroconversion, tissue cyst distribution, and prophylaxis",
pages = "603-593",
number = "2",
volume = "120",
doi = "10.1007/s00436-020-06984-x"
}

Nedisan, M. E., Gyorke, A., Stefanut, C. L., Kalmar, Z., Friss, Z., Blaga, R., Blaizot, A., Toma-Naić, A., Mircean, V., Schares, G., Đurković-Đaković, O., Klun, I., Villena, I.,& Cozma, V.. (2021). Experimental infection with Toxoplasma gondii in broiler chickens (Gallus domesticus): seroconversion, tissue cyst distribution, and prophylaxis. in Parasitology Research
Springer, New York., 120(2), 593-603.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-020-06984-x

Nedisan ME, Gyorke A, Stefanut CL, Kalmar Z, Friss Z, Blaga R, Blaizot A, Toma-Naić A, Mircean V, Schares G, Đurković-Đaković O, Klun I, Villena I, Cozma V. Experimental infection with Toxoplasma gondii in broiler chickens (Gallus domesticus): seroconversion, tissue cyst distribution, and prophylaxis. in Parasitology Research. 2021;120(2):593-603.
doi:10.1007/s00436-020-06984-x .

Nedisan, Maria E., Gyorke, Adriana, Stefanut, Cristina L., Kalmar, Zsuzsa, Friss, Zsuzsa, Blaga, Radu, Blaizot, Amandine, Toma-Naić, Andra, Mircean, Viorica, Schares, Gereon, Đurković-Đaković, Olgica, Klun, Ivana, Villena, Isabelle, Cozma, Vasile, "Experimental infection with Toxoplasma gondii in broiler chickens (Gallus domesticus): seroconversion, tissue cyst distribution, and prophylaxis" in Parasitology Research, 120, no. 2 (2021):593-603,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-020-06984-x . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ćirković, Vladimir
AU  - Klun, Ivana
AU  - Utaaker, Kjersti Selstad
AU  - Uzelac, Aleksandra
AU  - Tysnes, Kristoffer R.
AU  - Robertson, Lucy J.
AU  - Đurković-Đaković, Olgica
PY  - 2020
UR  - http://rimi.imi.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/999
AB  - Giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis are recognized by the WHO as important emerging diseases of the 21st century. Symptoms are similar and include diarrhoea and vomiting, which may be severe, even life-threatening, for the immunocompromised and children under five years of age. Between 2013 and 2017, the Institute for Public Health in Serbia recorded 10 waterborne epidemics that manifested as gastrointestinal disease. Routine testing for enteropathogenic bacteria and viruses did not identify the aetiological agents of these outbreaks. As water is not examined for the presence of protozoa in Serbia, we performed a pilot study to analyse samples from four major rivers and their tributaries using a newly implemented methodology for detection of Giardia and Cryptosporidium, based on the ISO 15553:2006 standard. Using immunofluorescence microscopy, Giardia was detected in 10 out of the 31 samples, Cryptosporidium in five, while two samples were positive for both. Presence of G. duodenalis gDNA was confirmed by amplification of the beta-giardin gene in eight samples, of which one and two, respectively, were identified by RFLP as potentially zoonotic assemblages A and B. The results suggest that surface water in Serbia may be a potential source of infection and call for more in-depth studies using sophisticated molecular tools.
PB  - Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, San Diego
T2  - Experimental Parasitology
T1  - Surface waters as a potential source of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in Serbia
SP  - 107824
VL  - 209
DO  - 10.1016/j.exppara.2019.107824
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Ćirković, Vladimir and Klun, Ivana and Utaaker, Kjersti Selstad and Uzelac, Aleksandra and Tysnes, Kristoffer R. and Robertson, Lucy J. and Đurković-Đaković, Olgica",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis are recognized by the WHO as important emerging diseases of the 21st century. Symptoms are similar and include diarrhoea and vomiting, which may be severe, even life-threatening, for the immunocompromised and children under five years of age. Between 2013 and 2017, the Institute for Public Health in Serbia recorded 10 waterborne epidemics that manifested as gastrointestinal disease. Routine testing for enteropathogenic bacteria and viruses did not identify the aetiological agents of these outbreaks. As water is not examined for the presence of protozoa in Serbia, we performed a pilot study to analyse samples from four major rivers and their tributaries using a newly implemented methodology for detection of Giardia and Cryptosporidium, based on the ISO 15553:2006 standard. Using immunofluorescence microscopy, Giardia was detected in 10 out of the 31 samples, Cryptosporidium in five, while two samples were positive for both. Presence of G. duodenalis gDNA was confirmed by amplification of the beta-giardin gene in eight samples, of which one and two, respectively, were identified by RFLP as potentially zoonotic assemblages A and B. The results suggest that surface water in Serbia may be a potential source of infection and call for more in-depth studies using sophisticated molecular tools.",
publisher = "Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, San Diego",
journal = "Experimental Parasitology",
title = "Surface waters as a potential source of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in Serbia",
pages = "107824",
volume = "209",
doi = "10.1016/j.exppara.2019.107824"
}

Ćirković, V., Klun, I., Utaaker, K. S., Uzelac, A., Tysnes, K. R., Robertson, L. J.,& Đurković-Đaković, O.. (2020). Surface waters as a potential source of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in Serbia. in Experimental Parasitology
Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, San Diego., 209, 107824.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2019.107824

Ćirković V, Klun I, Utaaker KS, Uzelac A, Tysnes KR, Robertson LJ, Đurković-Đaković O. Surface waters as a potential source of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in Serbia. in Experimental Parasitology. 2020;209:107824.
doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2019.107824 .

Ćirković, Vladimir, Klun, Ivana, Utaaker, Kjersti Selstad, Uzelac, Aleksandra, Tysnes, Kristoffer R., Robertson, Lucy J., Đurković-Đaković, Olgica, "Surface waters as a potential source of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in Serbia" in Experimental Parasitology, 209 (2020):107824,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2019.107824 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Torgerson, Paul R.
AU  - Robertson, Lucy J.
AU  - Enemarkx, Heidi L.
AU  - Foehr, Junwei
AU  - van der Giessen, Joke
AU  - Kapel, Christian M. O.
AU  - Klun, Ivana
AU  - Trevisan, Chiara
PY  - 2020
UR  - http://rimi.imi.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1057
AB  - Author summary Echinococcus granulosusandE.multilocularisare zoonotic parasites that cause human cystic (CE) and alveolar (AE) echinococcosis, respectively, in humans: both diseases resulting in a substantial burden of disease. They are transmitted to humans via wild or domestic caniid definitive hosts. This study aimed at finding and evaluating the source attribution of echinococcosis and provides evidence that transmission by direct contact with the definitive hosts perhaps results in 26.1% and 34.4% cases of CE and AE, respectively. Indirect transmission by contaminated water may result in 29.4% and 24.8% of cases of CE and AE, respectively. There is evidence that indirect transmission through contaminated food may result in 23.5% of cases of CE globally. Contaminated food may result in 32.5% of cases of AE, but only in low incidence regions such as Europe. In areas of high human incidence such as China, the evidence for foodborne AE was not convincing. Other sources of transmission such as contact with a contaminated environment result in approximately 30.4% of CE cases and 11.1% of AE cases. Background A substantial proportion of echinococcosis transmission to humans via contamination of food has been assumed. However, the relative importance of food as a transmission vehicle has previously been estimated through expert opinion rather than empirical data. Objective To find and evaluate empirical data that could be used to estimate the source attribution of echinococcosis, in particular the proportion that is transmitted through contaminated food. Methods A systematic review was undertaken to identify reports on the risk factors for human cystic (CE) and alveolar (AE) echinococcosis. Data bases searched included PubMed, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, Cab Direct, Science Direct, Google Scholar, eLIBRARY.RU, CyberLeninka, CNKI and VIP. Search terms included Echinococc*, hydatid, epidemiology, logistic regression, risk factors, odds ratio, relative risk, risk factors. Reports, including grey literature where available, that had suitable data were selected and data were extracted. The main pathways of transmission were hypothesised to be contact with the definitive host, contaminated water, contaminated food and contaminated environment (other than food). For each study the attributable fraction for these potential sources of infection was calculated from the data presented. A meta-analysis was then undertaken to obtain pooled estimates for the relative contribution of these transmission pathways. Results Data from 28 cross-sectional studies and 14 case-control studies were extracted. There was strong evidence for transmission by direct contact with dogs for both CE and AE. The estimated attributable fractions were 26.1% (CI 13.8%-39.6%) and 34.4% (CI 20.7% -48.2%) respectively. Transmission through contaminated water was estimated to be responsible for approximately 29.4% (CI 12.1%-51.7%) for CE and 24.8% (CI 10.6% to 42.6%) for AE. Contaminated food may be responsible for approximately 23.4% of CE cases (CI 2.1%-47.3%). Globally, there was insufficient evidence to conclude AE can be transmitted by food, although case control studies from low human incidence areas suggested that possibly 32.5% (CI 10.0%-53.2%) could be transmitted by food. There was also insufficient evidence that direct contact with foxes was a significant source of human disease. There were no suitable studies with a risk of environmental contact reported, but the residual attributable fraction thatwould likely include this pathway was approximately 30.4% for CE and 11.1% for AE. Conclusions The results support the hypothesis that dog contact and drinking contaminated water are major pathways of transmission of both CE and AE. For contaminated food, the results are less consistent, but suggest that it is an important transmission pathway and provide better evidence than expert elicitations as previously used.
PB  - Public Library Science, San Francisco
T2  - PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
T1  - Source attribution of human echinococcosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
IS  - 6
VL  - 14
DO  - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008382
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Torgerson, Paul R. and Robertson, Lucy J. and Enemarkx, Heidi L. and Foehr, Junwei and van der Giessen, Joke and Kapel, Christian M. O. and Klun, Ivana and Trevisan, Chiara",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Author summary Echinococcus granulosusandE.multilocularisare zoonotic parasites that cause human cystic (CE) and alveolar (AE) echinococcosis, respectively, in humans: both diseases resulting in a substantial burden of disease. They are transmitted to humans via wild or domestic caniid definitive hosts. This study aimed at finding and evaluating the source attribution of echinococcosis and provides evidence that transmission by direct contact with the definitive hosts perhaps results in 26.1% and 34.4% cases of CE and AE, respectively. Indirect transmission by contaminated water may result in 29.4% and 24.8% of cases of CE and AE, respectively. There is evidence that indirect transmission through contaminated food may result in 23.5% of cases of CE globally. Contaminated food may result in 32.5% of cases of AE, but only in low incidence regions such as Europe. In areas of high human incidence such as China, the evidence for foodborne AE was not convincing. Other sources of transmission such as contact with a contaminated environment result in approximately 30.4% of CE cases and 11.1% of AE cases. Background A substantial proportion of echinococcosis transmission to humans via contamination of food has been assumed. However, the relative importance of food as a transmission vehicle has previously been estimated through expert opinion rather than empirical data. Objective To find and evaluate empirical data that could be used to estimate the source attribution of echinococcosis, in particular the proportion that is transmitted through contaminated food. Methods A systematic review was undertaken to identify reports on the risk factors for human cystic (CE) and alveolar (AE) echinococcosis. Data bases searched included PubMed, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, Cab Direct, Science Direct, Google Scholar, eLIBRARY.RU, CyberLeninka, CNKI and VIP. Search terms included Echinococc*, hydatid, epidemiology, logistic regression, risk factors, odds ratio, relative risk, risk factors. Reports, including grey literature where available, that had suitable data were selected and data were extracted. The main pathways of transmission were hypothesised to be contact with the definitive host, contaminated water, contaminated food and contaminated environment (other than food). For each study the attributable fraction for these potential sources of infection was calculated from the data presented. A meta-analysis was then undertaken to obtain pooled estimates for the relative contribution of these transmission pathways. Results Data from 28 cross-sectional studies and 14 case-control studies were extracted. There was strong evidence for transmission by direct contact with dogs for both CE and AE. The estimated attributable fractions were 26.1% (CI 13.8%-39.6%) and 34.4% (CI 20.7% -48.2%) respectively. Transmission through contaminated water was estimated to be responsible for approximately 29.4% (CI 12.1%-51.7%) for CE and 24.8% (CI 10.6% to 42.6%) for AE. Contaminated food may be responsible for approximately 23.4% of CE cases (CI 2.1%-47.3%). Globally, there was insufficient evidence to conclude AE can be transmitted by food, although case control studies from low human incidence areas suggested that possibly 32.5% (CI 10.0%-53.2%) could be transmitted by food. There was also insufficient evidence that direct contact with foxes was a significant source of human disease. There were no suitable studies with a risk of environmental contact reported, but the residual attributable fraction thatwould likely include this pathway was approximately 30.4% for CE and 11.1% for AE. Conclusions The results support the hypothesis that dog contact and drinking contaminated water are major pathways of transmission of both CE and AE. For contaminated food, the results are less consistent, but suggest that it is an important transmission pathway and provide better evidence than expert elicitations as previously used.",
publisher = "Public Library Science, San Francisco",
journal = "PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases",
title = "Source attribution of human echinococcosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis",
number = "6",
volume = "14",
doi = "10.1371/journal.pntd.0008382"
}

Torgerson, P. R., Robertson, L. J., Enemarkx, H. L., Foehr, J., van der Giessen, J., Kapel, C. M. O., Klun, I.,& Trevisan, C.. (2020). Source attribution of human echinococcosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. in PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Public Library Science, San Francisco., 14(6).
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008382

Torgerson PR, Robertson LJ, Enemarkx HL, Foehr J, van der Giessen J, Kapel CMO, Klun I, Trevisan C. Source attribution of human echinococcosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. in PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2020;14(6).
doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008382 .

Torgerson, Paul R., Robertson, Lucy J., Enemarkx, Heidi L., Foehr, Junwei, van der Giessen, Joke, Kapel, Christian M. O., Klun, Ivana, Trevisan, Chiara, "Source attribution of human echinococcosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis" in PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 14, no. 6 (2020),
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008382 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Saratsis, Anastasios
AU  - Sotiraki, Smaragda
AU  - Braae, Uffe C.
AU  - Devleesschauwer, Brecht
AU  - Dermauw, Veronique
AU  - Eichenberger, Ramon M.
AU  - Thomas, Lian F.
AU  - Bobić, Branko
AU  - Dorny, Pierre
AU  - Gabriel, Sarah
AU  - Robertson, Lucy J.
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://rimi.imi.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/942
AB  - BackgroundThe zoonotic parasite Taenia saginata utilizes bovines as an intermediate host (causing cysticercosis) and humans as the definitive host (causing taeniosis). The public health burden of T. saginata is assumed to be low, but the economic burden is large, due to the resources utilized in the detection and condemnation of infected carcasses and carcass parts. As part of a collaborative effort to synthesize worldwide epidemiological data on this parasite, we present here the results of a systematic review on the distribution of T. saginata taeniosis and bovine cysticercosis in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA).MethodsInformation on the occurrence and prevalence of T. saginata taeniosis and cysticercosis in the MENA region was obtained through a systematic review of published and grey literature, including OIE reports, published between January 1st, 1990 and December 31st, 2017.ResultsA total of 63 publications were retrieved across the 21 MENA countries. Taenia saginata taeniosis was reported in 11 of these countries, whereas unspecified taeniosis was reported for a further seven. Microscopy-based prevalence values ranged between 0.02-8.6%. Bovine cysticercosis prevalence estimates based on meat inspection were only reported for Egypt and Israel, with prevalence data ranging between 0.2-20% and 0.1-9.1% for cattle and buffaloes, respectively. The presence of bovine cysticercosis could be confirmed for 10 additional countries through OIE reports.ConclusionsHuman taeniosis occurrence was confirmed for 86% (18/21) of the countries in the MENA region, although in several of these countries the species responsible was not specified. Religious prohibitions on the consumption of pork and the limited extent of pig farming across much of this region, however, suggest that many reported taeniosis cases are likely to be attributable to T. saginata rather than Taenia solium or Taenia asiatica. There was a paucity of data regarding both the prevalence and economic impact of bovine cysticercosis. More detailed epidemiological data on both T. saginata taeniosis and bovine cysticercosis could be obtained by adopting an integrated One Health approach, considering the characteristics (e.g. ecosystem related and sociopolitical aspects) of the MENA region. Compared with more conventional approaches, this could lead to an enhanced performance and cost-effectiveness of surveillance systems.
PB  - BMC, London
T2  - Parasites & Vectors
T1  - Epidemiology of Taenia saginata taeniosis/cysticercosis: a systematic review of the distribution in the Middle East and North Africa
VL  - 12
DO  - 10.1186/s13071-019-3339-5
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Saratsis, Anastasios and Sotiraki, Smaragda and Braae, Uffe C. and Devleesschauwer, Brecht and Dermauw, Veronique and Eichenberger, Ramon M. and Thomas, Lian F. and Bobić, Branko and Dorny, Pierre and Gabriel, Sarah and Robertson, Lucy J.",
year = "2019",
abstract = "BackgroundThe zoonotic parasite Taenia saginata utilizes bovines as an intermediate host (causing cysticercosis) and humans as the definitive host (causing taeniosis). The public health burden of T. saginata is assumed to be low, but the economic burden is large, due to the resources utilized in the detection and condemnation of infected carcasses and carcass parts. As part of a collaborative effort to synthesize worldwide epidemiological data on this parasite, we present here the results of a systematic review on the distribution of T. saginata taeniosis and bovine cysticercosis in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA).MethodsInformation on the occurrence and prevalence of T. saginata taeniosis and cysticercosis in the MENA region was obtained through a systematic review of published and grey literature, including OIE reports, published between January 1st, 1990 and December 31st, 2017.ResultsA total of 63 publications were retrieved across the 21 MENA countries. Taenia saginata taeniosis was reported in 11 of these countries, whereas unspecified taeniosis was reported for a further seven. Microscopy-based prevalence values ranged between 0.02-8.6%. Bovine cysticercosis prevalence estimates based on meat inspection were only reported for Egypt and Israel, with prevalence data ranging between 0.2-20% and 0.1-9.1% for cattle and buffaloes, respectively. The presence of bovine cysticercosis could be confirmed for 10 additional countries through OIE reports.ConclusionsHuman taeniosis occurrence was confirmed for 86% (18/21) of the countries in the MENA region, although in several of these countries the species responsible was not specified. Religious prohibitions on the consumption of pork and the limited extent of pig farming across much of this region, however, suggest that many reported taeniosis cases are likely to be attributable to T. saginata rather than Taenia solium or Taenia asiatica. There was a paucity of data regarding both the prevalence and economic impact of bovine cysticercosis. More detailed epidemiological data on both T. saginata taeniosis and bovine cysticercosis could be obtained by adopting an integrated One Health approach, considering the characteristics (e.g. ecosystem related and sociopolitical aspects) of the MENA region. Compared with more conventional approaches, this could lead to an enhanced performance and cost-effectiveness of surveillance systems.",
publisher = "BMC, London",
journal = "Parasites & Vectors",
title = "Epidemiology of Taenia saginata taeniosis/cysticercosis: a systematic review of the distribution in the Middle East and North Africa",
volume = "12",
doi = "10.1186/s13071-019-3339-5"
}

Saratsis, A., Sotiraki, S., Braae, U. C., Devleesschauwer, B., Dermauw, V., Eichenberger, R. M., Thomas, L. F., Bobić, B., Dorny, P., Gabriel, S.,& Robertson, L. J.. (2019). Epidemiology of Taenia saginata taeniosis/cysticercosis: a systematic review of the distribution in the Middle East and North Africa. in Parasites & Vectors
BMC, London., 12.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-019-3339-5

Saratsis A, Sotiraki S, Braae UC, Devleesschauwer B, Dermauw V, Eichenberger RM, Thomas LF, Bobić B, Dorny P, Gabriel S, Robertson LJ. Epidemiology of Taenia saginata taeniosis/cysticercosis: a systematic review of the distribution in the Middle East and North Africa. in Parasites & Vectors. 2019;12.
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3339-5 .

Saratsis, Anastasios, Sotiraki, Smaragda, Braae, Uffe C., Devleesschauwer, Brecht, Dermauw, Veronique, Eichenberger, Ramon M., Thomas, Lian F., Bobić, Branko, Dorny, Pierre, Gabriel, Sarah, Robertson, Lucy J., "Epidemiology of Taenia saginata taeniosis/cysticercosis: a systematic review of the distribution in the Middle East and North Africa" in Parasites & Vectors, 12 (2019),
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-019-3339-5 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Torgerson, Paul R.
AU  - Abdybekova, Aida M.
AU  - Minbaeva, Gulnara
AU  - Shapiyeva, Zhanna
AU  - Thomas, Lian F.
AU  - Dermauw, Veronique
AU  - Devleesschauwer, Brecht
AU  - Gabriel, Sarah
AU  - Dorny, Pierre
AU  - Braae, Uffe C.
AU  - Saratsis, Anastasios
AU  - Robertson, Lucy J.
AU  - Bobić, Branko
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://rimi.imi.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/970
AB  - BackgroundThe zoonotic parasite Taenia saginata transmits between humans, the definitive host (causing taeniosis), and bovines as the intermediate host (causing cysticercosis). Central and western Asia and the Caucasus have large cattle populations and beef consumption is widespread. However, an overview of the extent of human T. saginata infection and bovine cysticercosis is lacking. This review aims to summarize the distribution of T. saginata in this region.MethodsA systematic review was conducted, that gathered published and grey literature, and official data concerning T. saginata taeniosis and bovine cysticercosis in central and western Asia and the Caucasus published between January 1st, 1990 and December 31st, 2018. Where no data were available for a country within this period, published data from 1985-1990 were also accessed.ResultsFrom 10,786 articles initially scanned, we retrieved 98 full-text articles from which data were extracted. In addition, two unpublished datasets were provided on the incidence of human taeniosis. Data for human taeniosis and bovine cysticercosis were found for all countries except Turkmenistan. Human taeniosis prevalence varied from undetected to over 5.3%, with regional variations. Where bovine cysticercosis was detected, prevalences varied from case reports to 25%.ConclusionsThe public health burden of T. saginata is assumed to be small as the parasite is of low pathogenicity to humans. However, this review indicates that infection continues to be widespread and this may result in a large economic burden, due to the resources utilized in meat inspection and condemnation or processing with subsequent downgrading of infected carcasses.
PB  - BMC, London
T2  - Parasites & Vectors
T1  - Epidemiology of Taenia saginata taeniosis/cysticercosis: a systematic review of the distribution in central and western Asia and the Caucasus
VL  - 12
DO  - 10.1186/s13071-019-3438-3
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Torgerson, Paul R. and Abdybekova, Aida M. and Minbaeva, Gulnara and Shapiyeva, Zhanna and Thomas, Lian F. and Dermauw, Veronique and Devleesschauwer, Brecht and Gabriel, Sarah and Dorny, Pierre and Braae, Uffe C. and Saratsis, Anastasios and Robertson, Lucy J. and Bobić, Branko",
year = "2019",
abstract = "BackgroundThe zoonotic parasite Taenia saginata transmits between humans, the definitive host (causing taeniosis), and bovines as the intermediate host (causing cysticercosis). Central and western Asia and the Caucasus have large cattle populations and beef consumption is widespread. However, an overview of the extent of human T. saginata infection and bovine cysticercosis is lacking. This review aims to summarize the distribution of T. saginata in this region.MethodsA systematic review was conducted, that gathered published and grey literature, and official data concerning T. saginata taeniosis and bovine cysticercosis in central and western Asia and the Caucasus published between January 1st, 1990 and December 31st, 2018. Where no data were available for a country within this period, published data from 1985-1990 were also accessed.ResultsFrom 10,786 articles initially scanned, we retrieved 98 full-text articles from which data were extracted. In addition, two unpublished datasets were provided on the incidence of human taeniosis. Data for human taeniosis and bovine cysticercosis were found for all countries except Turkmenistan. Human taeniosis prevalence varied from undetected to over 5.3%, with regional variations. Where bovine cysticercosis was detected, prevalences varied from case reports to 25%.ConclusionsThe public health burden of T. saginata is assumed to be small as the parasite is of low pathogenicity to humans. However, this review indicates that infection continues to be widespread and this may result in a large economic burden, due to the resources utilized in meat inspection and condemnation or processing with subsequent downgrading of infected carcasses.",
publisher = "BMC, London",
journal = "Parasites & Vectors",
title = "Epidemiology of Taenia saginata taeniosis/cysticercosis: a systematic review of the distribution in central and western Asia and the Caucasus",
volume = "12",
doi = "10.1186/s13071-019-3438-3"
}

Torgerson, P. R., Abdybekova, A. M., Minbaeva, G., Shapiyeva, Z., Thomas, L. F., Dermauw, V., Devleesschauwer, B., Gabriel, S., Dorny, P., Braae, U. C., Saratsis, A., Robertson, L. J.,& Bobić, B.. (2019). Epidemiology of Taenia saginata taeniosis/cysticercosis: a systematic review of the distribution in central and western Asia and the Caucasus. in Parasites & Vectors
BMC, London., 12.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-019-3438-3

Torgerson PR, Abdybekova AM, Minbaeva G, Shapiyeva Z, Thomas LF, Dermauw V, Devleesschauwer B, Gabriel S, Dorny P, Braae UC, Saratsis A, Robertson LJ, Bobić B. Epidemiology of Taenia saginata taeniosis/cysticercosis: a systematic review of the distribution in central and western Asia and the Caucasus. in Parasites & Vectors. 2019;12.
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3438-3 .

Torgerson, Paul R., Abdybekova, Aida M., Minbaeva, Gulnara, Shapiyeva, Zhanna, Thomas, Lian F., Dermauw, Veronique, Devleesschauwer, Brecht, Gabriel, Sarah, Dorny, Pierre, Braae, Uffe C., Saratsis, Anastasios, Robertson, Lucy J., Bobić, Branko, "Epidemiology of Taenia saginata taeniosis/cysticercosis: a systematic review of the distribution in central and western Asia and the Caucasus" in Parasites & Vectors, 12 (2019),
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-019-3438-3 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Plutzer, Judit
AU  - Lassen, Brian
AU  - Jokelainen, Pikka
AU  - Đurković-Đaković, Olgica
AU  - Kucsera, Istvan
AU  - Dorbek-Kolin, Elisabeth
AU  - Soba, Barbara
AU  - Sreter, Tamas
AU  - Imre, Kalman
AU  - Omeragić, Jasmin
AU  - Nikolić, Aleksandra
AU  - Bobić, Branko
AU  - Živicnjak, Tatjana
AU  - Lucinger, Snježana
AU  - Lazaric-Stefanović, Lorena
AU  - Kucinar, Jasmina
AU  - Sroka, Jacek
AU  - Deksne, Gunita
AU  - Keidane, Dace
AU  - Kvac, Martin
AU  - Huzova, Zuzana
AU  - Karanis, Panagiotis
PY  - 2018
UR  - http://rimi.imi.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/872
AB  - Introduction: This paper reviews the current knowledge and understanding of Cryptosporidium spp. an d Giardia spp. in humans, animals and the environment in 10 countries in the eastern part of Europe: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Poland, Romania, Serbia and Slovenia. Methods: Published scientific papers and conference proceedings from the international and local literature, official national health service reports, national databases and doctoral theses in local languages were reviewed to provide an extensive overview on the epidemiology, diagnostics and research on these pathogens, as well as analyse knowledge gaps and areas for further research. Results: Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. were found to be common in eastern Europe, but the results from different countries are difficult to compare because of variations in reporting practices and detection methodologies used. Conclusion: Upgrading and making the diagnosis/detection procedures more uniform is recommended throughout the region. Public health authorities should actively work towards increasing reporting and standardising reporting practices as these prerequisites for the reported data to be valid and therefore necessary for appropriate control plans.
PB  - Eur Centre Dis Prevention & Control, Stockholm
T2  - Eurosurveillance
T1  - Review of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in the eastern part of Europe, 2016
EP  - 43
IS  - 4
SP  - 21
VL  - 23
DO  - 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.4.16-00825
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Plutzer, Judit and Lassen, Brian and Jokelainen, Pikka and Đurković-Đaković, Olgica and Kucsera, Istvan and Dorbek-Kolin, Elisabeth and Soba, Barbara and Sreter, Tamas and Imre, Kalman and Omeragić, Jasmin and Nikolić, Aleksandra and Bobić, Branko and Živicnjak, Tatjana and Lucinger, Snježana and Lazaric-Stefanović, Lorena and Kucinar, Jasmina and Sroka, Jacek and Deksne, Gunita and Keidane, Dace and Kvac, Martin and Huzova, Zuzana and Karanis, Panagiotis",
year = "2018",
abstract = "Introduction: This paper reviews the current knowledge and understanding of Cryptosporidium spp. an d Giardia spp. in humans, animals and the environment in 10 countries in the eastern part of Europe: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Poland, Romania, Serbia and Slovenia. Methods: Published scientific papers and conference proceedings from the international and local literature, official national health service reports, national databases and doctoral theses in local languages were reviewed to provide an extensive overview on the epidemiology, diagnostics and research on these pathogens, as well as analyse knowledge gaps and areas for further research. Results: Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. were found to be common in eastern Europe, but the results from different countries are difficult to compare because of variations in reporting practices and detection methodologies used. Conclusion: Upgrading and making the diagnosis/detection procedures more uniform is recommended throughout the region. Public health authorities should actively work towards increasing reporting and standardising reporting practices as these prerequisites for the reported data to be valid and therefore necessary for appropriate control plans.",
publisher = "Eur Centre Dis Prevention & Control, Stockholm",
journal = "Eurosurveillance",
title = "Review of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in the eastern part of Europe, 2016",
pages = "43-21",
number = "4",
volume = "23",
doi = "10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.4.16-00825"
}

Plutzer, J., Lassen, B., Jokelainen, P., Đurković-Đaković, O., Kucsera, I., Dorbek-Kolin, E., Soba, B., Sreter, T., Imre, K., Omeragić, J., Nikolić, A., Bobić, B., Živicnjak, T., Lucinger, S., Lazaric-Stefanović, L., Kucinar, J., Sroka, J., Deksne, G., Keidane, D., Kvac, M., Huzova, Z.,& Karanis, P.. (2018). Review of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in the eastern part of Europe, 2016. in Eurosurveillance
Eur Centre Dis Prevention & Control, Stockholm., 23(4), 21-43.
https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.4.16-00825

Plutzer J, Lassen B, Jokelainen P, Đurković-Đaković O, Kucsera I, Dorbek-Kolin E, Soba B, Sreter T, Imre K, Omeragić J, Nikolić A, Bobić B, Živicnjak T, Lucinger S, Lazaric-Stefanović L, Kucinar J, Sroka J, Deksne G, Keidane D, Kvac M, Huzova Z, Karanis P. Review of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in the eastern part of Europe, 2016. in Eurosurveillance. 2018;23(4):21-43.
doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.4.16-00825 .

Plutzer, Judit, Lassen, Brian, Jokelainen, Pikka, Đurković-Đaković, Olgica, Kucsera, Istvan, Dorbek-Kolin, Elisabeth, Soba, Barbara, Sreter, Tamas, Imre, Kalman, Omeragić, Jasmin, Nikolić, Aleksandra, Bobić, Branko, Živicnjak, Tatjana, Lucinger, Snježana, Lazaric-Stefanović, Lorena, Kucinar, Jasmina, Sroka, Jacek, Deksne, Gunita, Keidane, Dace, Kvac, Martin, Huzova, Zuzana, Karanis, Panagiotis, "Review of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in the eastern part of Europe, 2016" in Eurosurveillance, 23, no. 4 (2018):21-43,
https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.4.16-00825 . .