Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Are Associated with Blood Pressure and Hypertension over 10-Years in Black South African Adults Undergoing Nutritional Transition

Zec, Manja M.; Schutte, Aletta E.; Ricci, Cristian; Baumgartner, Jeannine; Kruger, Iolanthe M.; Smuts, Cornelius M.

doi:10.3390/foods8090394

2019

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Authors

Zec, Manja M.

Schutte, Aletta E.

Ricci, Cristian

Baumgartner, Jeannine

Kruger, Iolanthe M.

Smuts, Cornelius M.

Article (Published version)

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Abstract

Nutritional transition in Africa is linked with increased blood pressure (BP). We examined 10-year fatty acid status and longitudinal associations between individual long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), BP and status of hypertension ( gt = 140/90 mmHg and/or medication use) in black South Africans. We included 300 adults ( gt 30 years) participating in the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology study, and analysed data from three consecutive examinations (2005, 2010 and 2015 study years). Fatty acids in plasma phospholipids were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. We applied sequential linear mixed models for continuous outcomes and generalized mixed models for the hypertension outcome, in the complete sample and separately in urban and rural subjects. Mean baseline systolic/diastolic BP was 137/89 mmHg. Ten-year hypertension status increased among rural (48.6% to 68.6%, p = 0.001) and tended to decrease among urban subjects (67.5% to 61.9%, p = 0.253). Regardless...

Keywords:

black Africans / blood pressure / hypertension / long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids / longitudinal study / nutritional transition / PUFA

Source:
Foods, 2019, 8, 9

Publisher:

MDPI, Basel

Funding / projects:

SANPAD (South Africa Netherlands Research Programme on Alternatives in Development), South African National Research Foundation [NRF GUN] [2069139, FA2006040700010]
North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
SASA [South African Sugar Association] [228]
Roche Diagnostics South Africa
Population Health Research Institute, ON, Canada
South African Medical Research Council

DOI: 10.3390/foods8090394

ISSN: 2304-8158

PubMed: 31500169

WoS: 000487655600047

Scopus: 2-s2.0-85072273406

[ Google Scholar ]



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TY - JOUR
AU - Zec, Manja M.
AU - Schutte, Aletta E.
AU - Ricci, Cristian
AU - Baumgartner, Jeannine
AU - Kruger, Iolanthe M.
AU - Smuts, Cornelius M.
PY - 2019
UR - http://rimi.imi.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/903
AB - Nutritional transition in Africa is linked with increased blood pressure (BP). We examined 10-year fatty acid status and longitudinal associations between individual long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), BP and status of hypertension ( gt = 140/90 mmHg and/or medication use) in black South Africans. We included 300 adults ( gt 30 years) participating in the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology study, and analysed data from three consecutive examinations (2005, 2010 and 2015 study years). Fatty acids in plasma phospholipids were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. We applied sequential linear mixed models for continuous outcomes and generalized mixed models for the hypertension outcome, in the complete sample and separately in urban and rural subjects. Mean baseline systolic/diastolic BP was 137/89 mmHg. Ten-year hypertension status increased among rural (48.6% to 68.6%, p = 0.001) and tended to decrease among urban subjects (67.5% to 61.9%, p = 0.253). Regardless of urbanisation, n-6 PUFA increased and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5 n-3) decreased over the 10-years. Subjects in the highest tertile of arachidonic acid (C20:4 n-6) had 3.81 mmHg lower systolic (95% confidence interval (CI): -7.07, -0.54) and 3.82 mmHg lower diastolic BP (DBP) (95% CI: -5.70, -1.95) compared to the reference tertile, irrespective of lifestyle and clinical confounders. Similarly, osbond acid (C22:5 n-6) was inversely associated with DBP. Over the 10-years, subjects in the highest EPA tertile presented with +2.92 and +1.94 mmHg higher SBP and DBP, respectively, and with 1.46 higher odds of being hypertensive. In black South African adults, individual plasma n-6 PUFA were inversely associated with BP, whereas EPA was adversely associated with hypertension, supporting implementation of dietary fat quality in national cardiovascular primary prevention strategies.
PB - MDPI, Basel
T2 - Foods
T1 - Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Are Associated with Blood Pressure and Hypertension over 10-Years in Black South African Adults Undergoing Nutritional Transition
IS - 9
VL - 8
DO - 10.3390/foods8090394
UR - conv_4634
ER -

@article{
author = "Zec, Manja M. and Schutte, Aletta E. and Ricci, Cristian and Baumgartner, Jeannine and Kruger, Iolanthe M. and Smuts, Cornelius M.",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Nutritional transition in Africa is linked with increased blood pressure (BP). We examined 10-year fatty acid status and longitudinal associations between individual long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), BP and status of hypertension ( gt = 140/90 mmHg and/or medication use) in black South Africans. We included 300 adults ( gt 30 years) participating in the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology study, and analysed data from three consecutive examinations (2005, 2010 and 2015 study years). Fatty acids in plasma phospholipids were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. We applied sequential linear mixed models for continuous outcomes and generalized mixed models for the hypertension outcome, in the complete sample and separately in urban and rural subjects. Mean baseline systolic/diastolic BP was 137/89 mmHg. Ten-year hypertension status increased among rural (48.6% to 68.6%, p = 0.001) and tended to decrease among urban subjects (67.5% to 61.9%, p = 0.253). Regardless of urbanisation, n-6 PUFA increased and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5 n-3) decreased over the 10-years. Subjects in the highest tertile of arachidonic acid (C20:4 n-6) had 3.81 mmHg lower systolic (95% confidence interval (CI): -7.07, -0.54) and 3.82 mmHg lower diastolic BP (DBP) (95% CI: -5.70, -1.95) compared to the reference tertile, irrespective of lifestyle and clinical confounders. Similarly, osbond acid (C22:5 n-6) was inversely associated with DBP. Over the 10-years, subjects in the highest EPA tertile presented with +2.92 and +1.94 mmHg higher SBP and DBP, respectively, and with 1.46 higher odds of being hypertensive. In black South African adults, individual plasma n-6 PUFA were inversely associated with BP, whereas EPA was adversely associated with hypertension, supporting implementation of dietary fat quality in national cardiovascular primary prevention strategies.",
publisher = "MDPI, Basel",
journal = "Foods",
title = "Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Are Associated with Blood Pressure and Hypertension over 10-Years in Black South African Adults Undergoing Nutritional Transition",
number = "9",
volume = "8",
doi = "10.3390/foods8090394",
url = "conv_4634"
}

Zec, M. M., Schutte, A. E., Ricci, C., Baumgartner, J., Kruger, I. M.,& Smuts, C. M.. (2019). Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Are Associated with Blood Pressure and Hypertension over 10-Years in Black South African Adults Undergoing Nutritional Transition. in Foods
MDPI, Basel., 8(9).
https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8090394
conv_4634

Zec MM, Schutte AE, Ricci C, Baumgartner J, Kruger IM, Smuts CM. Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Are Associated with Blood Pressure and Hypertension over 10-Years in Black South African Adults Undergoing Nutritional Transition. in Foods. 2019;8(9).
doi:10.3390/foods8090394
conv_4634 .

Zec, Manja M., Schutte, Aletta E., Ricci, Cristian, Baumgartner, Jeannine, Kruger, Iolanthe M., Smuts, Cornelius M., "Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Are Associated with Blood Pressure and Hypertension over 10-Years in Black South African Adults Undergoing Nutritional Transition" in Foods, 8, no. 9 (2019),
https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8090394 .,
conv_4634 .