Association between being overweight and oral health in Serbian schoolchildren

Abstract

BackgroundChildhood obesity, dental caries, and periodontal disease are major public health problems due to their adverse impact on the growth and development of children. AimTo examine the association between nutritional status, oral health, and lifestyle habits among schoolchildren in Serbia. DesignThis cross-sectional study assessed 422 children and adolescents aged 6-18years with the following dental indexes analyzed: DMF/dmf (decayed, missed, and filled teeth), plaque index (PI), and gingival index (GI). Depending on their nutritional status, the subjects were categorized, as being normal weight,' at risk of overweight,' and overweight.' Logistic regression was applied to study the association between the dental indexes and independent variables: gender, age, toothbrushing, nutritional status, and lifestyle factors. ResultsBeing overweight positively correlated with GI, but negatively correlated with the DMF/dmf index among the participants. Multivariate analysis showed a strong association between the weight category and toothbrushing with GI and PI. Overweight children (6-11years) were less likely to have caries, whereas in older children/adolescents (12-18years), caries was associated with the intake of sugar-sweetened juices. ConclusionsBeing overweight was found to be significantly associated with a higher probability of developing gingivitis and negatively associated with caries prevalence in Serbian children and adolescents.