Nutrition based on different origin of fats as a risk factor for cerebrovascular insult

Abstract

Cerebrovascular insult (CVI) is one of leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, with significant influence of lifestyle on its development. The aim of this study was to investigate the different risk factors and their impact on hyperlipidaemia in two ethnic groups of patients who were hospitalized after CVI during two years. The total of 230 patients, 35-65 years old, with the ischemic CVI who had been hospitalized and treated at the Clinical Center Priština were included in our study. The patients were divided into two groups: group A (n=130)- Muslim patients, and group S (n=100) - Orthodox patients. Their antropometric and serum lipid parameters were measured and nutritional habits were assessed by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The patients from both groups were classified as adipose, with BMI in males around 33, and in females 28-30. Percentage of body fat was also high in both groups, especially in women (p lt 0.001), without significant difference between groups A and S. Physical activity was very low in both studied groups. In the group A, 86.92% patients with CVI were physically inactive, while in the group S the percentage amounted to 92% (p lt 0.001). The number of smokers was rather high in both groups, particularly in group S (89%) and more than a half (53%) of examinees had been smoking for more than 10 years. Almost all smokers consumed more than 20 cigarettes per day (83%). In group A, there were 35% of non-smokers (p lt 0.001). The average diastolic blood pressure value in the groups A and S (Table 6,7) was 97.97±4.75 mmHg and 100.82±6.71 mmHg, respectively, while systolic pressure was 174.27±3.18 mmHg in group A and 183.73±11.39 mmHg in group S. In spite of different lifestyles in both groups, the studied risk factors were proved to have significant influence on the onset of hyperlipidemia. The S group patients whose diet was predominantly based on animal fats had significantly higher risk in comparison to the group whose diet was based on vegetable fats. Smoking habits and physical inactivity were widely present in both groups. Our results suggest the need for target nutrition messages and behavioral interventions in developing prevention strategies for reduction of cerebrovascular risk factors. .

Cerebrovaskularne bolesti (CVI) su vodeći uzrok mortaliteta i morbiditeta u svetu i signifikantno utiču na kvalitet života. Cilj rada bio je da se utvrde različiti faktori rizika i njihov uticaj na pojavu hiperlipidemija u okviru dve etničke grupe bolesnika hospitalizovanih od CVI, u periodu od 2 godine. Ispitano je 230 bolesnika, 35-65 godina starosti, sa ishemičnim CVI, koji su lečeni u Kliničko-bolničkom centru Priština. Bolesnici su selektovani u dve grupe: grupa A (n=130)-muslimanske i grupa S (n=100)- pravoslavne veroispovesti. Ispitivani su njihovi antropometrijski parametri i lipidni status, kao i navike u ishrani pomoću odgovarajućeg upitnika (FFQ). Uprkos različitim životnim stilovima u obe grupe, proučavani faktori rizika pokazali su signifikatan uticaj na pojavu hiperlipidemija. Bolesnici iz grupe S, čija je dijeta bila pretežno bazirana na masnoćama životinjskog porekla, imala je značajno veći rizik u poređenju sa grupom čija je dijeta bila bazirana na biljnim uljima, grupa A. Pušačke navike i fizička neaktivnost bile su znatno prisutne u obe grupe ispitanika. Naši rezultati sugerišu potrebu za ciljanom ishranom i promenom ponašanja i navika u ishrani u razvoju preventivnih strategija za redukciju cerebrovaskularnih faktora rizika. .