Comparative evaluation of three commercial Toxoplasma-specific IgG antibody avidity tests and significance in different clinical settings

Abstract

Determination of the avidity of specific IgG antibodies has become a generally accepted diagnostic aid for dating Toxoplasma infection. In this study, the Labsystems, VIDAS and EUROIMMUN Toxoplasma IgG avidity assays were compared on a series of 133 Toxoplasma IgG- and IgM-positive sera from symptomatic patients (n=28), from pregnant (n=43) and nonpregnant (n=26) women, and on 18 IgG-positive and IgM-negative sera from chronically infected patients. The results showed excellent concordance between the Labsystems and VIDAS tests in both the IgM-positive (r=0.82, kappa=0.771) and IgM-negative (kappa=0.609) sera, whilst the agreement of the EUROIMMUN assay with both the Labsystems and VIDAS tests in the IgM-positive sera was moderate (kappa=0.575 and kappa=0.525, respectively) and in the IgM-negative sera was poor (kappa=0.000). Analysis of the kinetics of the maturation of avidity in 13 patients in whom follow-up sera were available showed that, despite a general trend of maturation, in two patients the avidity did not become high during 6 and 11 months of follow-up. In view of the clinical setting, in the symptomatic patients, despite one case of complete discrepancy and five cases of partial discrepancy, the Labsystems and VIDAS tests were in almost perfect agreement (kappa=0.812), whilst the agreement in pregnant and non-pregnant women was substantial (kappa=0.754 and kappa=0.708, respectively). In conclusion, the Labsystems and VIDAS tests are equally reliable for the measurement of Toxoplasma IgG avidity; the choice of test should depend on the laboratory setup. The EUROIMMUN test may be an acceptable alternative in resource-limited settings, but should be used prudently.