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Efficacy of a Lipid-Lowering Diet on Key Fatty Acid Ratios and Omega-3 Index in Hyperlipidemic Subjects

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Authors
Ristić-Medić, Danijela
Petrović, Snježana
Takić, Marija
Vučić, Vesna
Arsić, Aleksandra
Rađen, Slavica
Glibetić, Marija
Article (Published version)
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Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) dietary intake, status and serum key fatty acid (FA) ratios may aid in cardiovascular disease-related risk assessment. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of lipid-lowering diet on key FA ratios in serum phospholipids and omega-3 index in erythrocyte phospholipids in moderately hyperlipidemic subjects. The study included 41 subjects, mean age 56±6 years. Nutritional habits were evaluated by food frequency questionnaire. Participants followed lipid lowering diet for 12 weeks. Energy intake of omega-6 and omega-3 FA was changed from 7.6% and 0.6% to 5.7% and 1.2%, respectively. Marked decrease in four FA ratios in serum phospholipids, i.e., omega-6/omega-3, arachidonic acid (AA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), AA/docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), AA/(EPA+DHA) and omega-3 index (EPA+DHA) was found in study subjects after lipid- lowering diet. Total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/ HDL and triacyl...glycerol/HDL-cholesterol ratios positively correlated with all FA ratios, and negatively correlated with total omega-3 levels in serum phospholipids and omega-3 index in erythrocytes. Total serum omega-3 levels showed strongest association with lipoprotein ratios and positive correlation with homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) index. In conclusion, lipid-lowering diet resulted in decreased serum key FA ratios, increased omega-3 levels, and improved insulin sensitivity that may lead to a lower risk of cardiovascular disease in subjects with moderate hyperlipidemia.

Keywords:
Fatty acid ratio / Hyperlipidemia / Lipid-lowering diet / Omega 3-index / TG/HDL
Source:
Acta clinica Croatica, 2022, 61, 2, 220-226
Publisher:
  • Klinicka bolnica Sestre Milosrdnice
Funding / projects:
  • Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia, Grant no. 200015 (University of Belgrade, Institute for Medical Research) (RS-200015)

DOI: 10.20471/acc.2022.61.02.08

ISSN: 0353-9466

[ Google Scholar ]
URI
http://rimi.imi.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1338
Collections
  • Radovi istraživača / Researchers' publications
Institution/Community
Institut za medicinska istraživanja
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ristić-Medić, Danijela
AU  - Petrović, Snježana
AU  - Takić, Marija
AU  - Vučić, Vesna
AU  - Arsić, Aleksandra
AU  - Rađen, Slavica
AU  - Glibetić, Marija
PY  - 2022
UR  - http://rimi.imi.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1338
AB  - Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) dietary intake, status and serum key fatty acid
(FA) ratios may aid in cardiovascular disease-related risk assessment. The aim of this study was to investigate
the effects of lipid-lowering diet on key FA ratios in serum phospholipids and omega-3 index in
erythrocyte phospholipids in moderately hyperlipidemic subjects. The study included 41 subjects, mean
age 56±6 years. Nutritional habits were evaluated by food frequency questionnaire. Participants followed
lipid lowering diet for 12 weeks. Energy intake of omega-6 and omega-3 FA was changed from 7.6%
and 0.6% to 5.7% and 1.2%, respectively. Marked decrease in four FA ratios in serum phospholipids,
i.e., omega-6/omega-3, arachidonic acid (AA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), AA/docosahexaenoic acid
(DHA), AA/(EPA+DHA) and omega-3 index (EPA+DHA) was found in study subjects after lipid-
lowering diet. Total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/
HDL and triacylglycerol/HDL-cholesterol ratios positively correlated with all FA ratios, and negatively
correlated with total omega-3 levels in serum phospholipids and omega-3 index in erythrocytes. Total
serum omega-3 levels showed strongest association with lipoprotein ratios and positive correlation with
homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) index. In conclusion, lipid-lowering diet resulted in decreased
serum key FA ratios, increased omega-3 levels, and improved insulin sensitivity that may lead to a lower
risk of cardiovascular disease in subjects with moderate hyperlipidemia.
PB  - Klinicka bolnica Sestre Milosrdnice
T2  - Acta clinica Croatica
T1  - Efficacy of a Lipid-Lowering Diet on Key Fatty Acid Ratios and Omega-3 Index in Hyperlipidemic Subjects
EP  - 226
IS  - 2
SP  - 220
VL  - 61
DO  - 10.20471/acc.2022.61.02.08
ER  - 
@article{
author = "Ristić-Medić, Danijela and Petrović, Snježana and Takić, Marija and Vučić, Vesna and Arsić, Aleksandra and Rađen, Slavica and Glibetić, Marija",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) dietary intake, status and serum key fatty acid
(FA) ratios may aid in cardiovascular disease-related risk assessment. The aim of this study was to investigate
the effects of lipid-lowering diet on key FA ratios in serum phospholipids and omega-3 index in
erythrocyte phospholipids in moderately hyperlipidemic subjects. The study included 41 subjects, mean
age 56±6 years. Nutritional habits were evaluated by food frequency questionnaire. Participants followed
lipid lowering diet for 12 weeks. Energy intake of omega-6 and omega-3 FA was changed from 7.6%
and 0.6% to 5.7% and 1.2%, respectively. Marked decrease in four FA ratios in serum phospholipids,
i.e., omega-6/omega-3, arachidonic acid (AA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), AA/docosahexaenoic acid
(DHA), AA/(EPA+DHA) and omega-3 index (EPA+DHA) was found in study subjects after lipid-
lowering diet. Total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/
HDL and triacylglycerol/HDL-cholesterol ratios positively correlated with all FA ratios, and negatively
correlated with total omega-3 levels in serum phospholipids and omega-3 index in erythrocytes. Total
serum omega-3 levels showed strongest association with lipoprotein ratios and positive correlation with
homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) index. In conclusion, lipid-lowering diet resulted in decreased
serum key FA ratios, increased omega-3 levels, and improved insulin sensitivity that may lead to a lower
risk of cardiovascular disease in subjects with moderate hyperlipidemia.",
publisher = "Klinicka bolnica Sestre Milosrdnice",
journal = "Acta clinica Croatica",
title = "Efficacy of a Lipid-Lowering Diet on Key Fatty Acid Ratios and Omega-3 Index in Hyperlipidemic Subjects",
pages = "226-220",
number = "2",
volume = "61",
doi = "10.20471/acc.2022.61.02.08"
}
Ristić-Medić, D., Petrović, S., Takić, M., Vučić, V., Arsić, A., Rađen, S.,& Glibetić, M.. (2022). Efficacy of a Lipid-Lowering Diet on Key Fatty Acid Ratios and Omega-3 Index in Hyperlipidemic Subjects. in Acta clinica Croatica
Klinicka bolnica Sestre Milosrdnice., 61(2), 220-226.
https://doi.org/10.20471/acc.2022.61.02.08
Ristić-Medić D, Petrović S, Takić M, Vučić V, Arsić A, Rađen S, Glibetić M. Efficacy of a Lipid-Lowering Diet on Key Fatty Acid Ratios and Omega-3 Index in Hyperlipidemic Subjects. in Acta clinica Croatica. 2022;61(2):220-226.
doi:10.20471/acc.2022.61.02.08 .
Ristić-Medić, Danijela, Petrović, Snježana, Takić, Marija, Vučić, Vesna, Arsić, Aleksandra, Rađen, Slavica, Glibetić, Marija, "Efficacy of a Lipid-Lowering Diet on Key Fatty Acid Ratios and Omega-3 Index in Hyperlipidemic Subjects" in Acta clinica Croatica, 61, no. 2 (2022):220-226,
https://doi.org/10.20471/acc.2022.61.02.08 . .

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